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What is Vaginal Discharge, and How Does It Pass?

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What Causes Vaginal Discharge?

The occurrence of clear and white discharge in the body is generally considered normal and is attributed to hormonal changes. Increases in vaginal discharge may occur during sexual arousal and ovulation. Changes in diet, the use of birth control pills, the presence of intrauterine devices, and stress can also contribute to an increase in vaginal discharge. Abnormal vaginal discharge in the body is often caused by infection. Any alteration in the normal bacterial balance of the vagina affects the color, odor, or consistency of the discharge. Some factors that can disrupt the balance in the normal vaginal flora are listed below:
  • Cervical cancer
  • Diabetes
  • Use of antibiotics
  • Use of steroids
  • Use of birth control pills
  • Some bacterial infections
  • Use of bath foams, scented soaps, and lotions
  • Vaginal douching
  • Yeast infections
Many conditions like these can cause the discharge to deviate from its normal form and lead to infectious discharge.
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What is Vaginal Discharge?

Vaginal discharge is a fluid secreted by small glands in the vagina and cervix. This fluid daily leaks from the vagina to keep it and the reproductive system clean and healthy, clearing out old cells and residues. The type, consistency, and appearance of the discharge can vary depending on the levels of estrogen and progesterone hormones in the bloodstream. For instance, in situations where estrogen is high, such as just before ovulation, the mucus will be thin and slippery, resembling the consistency of egg whites. After ovulation, vaginal discharge may become cloudy, white or yellow, and often sticky.

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What are the Types of Vaginal Discharge?

White Discharge: Especially at the beginning or end of the menstrual cycle, having a certain amount of white discharge is normal. However, if itching accompanies the discharge and it has a dense, curd-like consistency or appearance, this is not normal and may be a sign of a yeast infection.

Clear and Watery Discharge: Clear and watery discharge is entirely natural. This type of discharge, which can be observed at any time of the month, is often seen more intensively after exercise.

Clear and Stretchy Discharge: If vaginal discharge is clear but has a stretchy, mucus-like texture, it indicates that the person is in the ovulation period. Indeed, this type of clear and mucus-like discharge is considered normal vaginal discharge.

Brown or Bloody Discharge: Seeing brown or bloody discharge, especially during or right after the menstrual cycle, is generally normal. At the end of the menstrual period, the discharge may appear brown instead of red. Additionally, a small amount of bloody discharge between periods is called ‘spotting.’ Spotting can be a sign of a miscarriage in the early stages of pregnancy. In such cases, it is crucial to consult a gynecologist without delay.

Brown or bloody discharge can rarely be a sign of endometriosis or cervical cancer. Other issues, such as fibroids or endometrial polyps, can also be the cause of brown or bloody discharge. Therefore, it is necessary to have an annual pelvic gynecological examination and a smear test to check for cervical abnormalities.

Yellow or Green Discharge: Thick, frothy, foul-smelling yellow or green vaginal discharge is not normal. This type of discharge may be a sign of trichomoniasis infection. Bacterial infections can sometimes spread through sexual intercourse. In such cases, partner treatment is also recommended.

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How to Treat Vaginal Discharge?

Treatment should be based on the type of vaginal discharge. For example, the treatment for vaginal discharge caused by a yeast infection will be different from that caused by trichomoniasis or hormonal issues. Below, you’ll find recommendations to prevent vaginal infections:

  • Only water should be used for vaginal hygiene. Cleansers compatible with the vaginal pH recommended by your doctor can be used periodically under medical supervision.

  • Vaginal douching should not be performed after intercourse.

  • Undergarments containing 100% cotton should be preferred.

  • Avoid excessively tight underwear and clothing.

  • During the menstrual period, pads should be changed frequently, and cotton-natural, soft-surfaced pads should be preferred.

  • If yeast infections recur frequently, carbohydrate intake should be limited, and fermented, packaged foods, and acidic sugary drinks should be avoided.